TCP/IP divides communication tasks into layers that keep the process standardized, without hardware and software providers doing the management themselves. Every packet can take a different route between the source and the destination computer, depending on whether the original route used becomes congested or unavailable. Packets are automatically reassembled once they reach their destination. It breaks messages into packets to avoid having to resend the entire message in case it encounters a problem during transmission. It was developed by the United States Department of Defense to enable the accurate and correct transmission of data between devices.
The TCP/IP model is the default method of data communication on the Internet. As such, it is a good option for time-sensitive situations, such as Domain Name System (DNS) lookup, Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), and streaming media. UDP does not provide error connection or packet sequencing nor does it signal a destination before it delivers data, which makes it less reliable but less expensive. TCP can be an expensive network tool as it includes absent or corrupted packets and protects data delivery with controls like acknowledgments, connection startup, and flow control. It is also used to send and receive email through Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP), Post Office Protocol (POP), and Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), and for web access through the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP).Īn alternative to TCP is the User Datagram Protocol (UDP), which is used to establish low-latency connections between applications and decrease transmissions time. Examples include peer-to-peer sharing methods like File Transfer Protocol (FTP), Secure Shell (SSH), and Telnet. It then breaks large amounts of data into smaller packets, while ensuring data integrity is in place throughout the process.Īs a result, high-level protocols that need to transmit data all use TCP Protocol. Before it transmits data, TCP establishes a connection between a source and its destination, which it ensures remains live until communication begins. It guarantees the integrity of the data being communicated over a network. TCP organizes data so that it can be transmitted between a server and a client. It is one of the most commonly used protocols within digital network communications and ensures end-to-end data delivery. TCP is one of the basic standards that define the rules of the internet and is included within the standards defined by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). It is designed to send packets across the internet and ensure the successful delivery of data and messages over networks. TCP stands for Transmission Control Protocol a communications standard that enables application programs and computing devices to exchange messages over a network.
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